Crude oil, which has a strategic position among primary energy sources, meets 33% of the world's energy demand. Natural gas meets 23.7% of the demand. Processing of oil and using it in economic activities follows the following process; It is a vertically integrated process in the form of exploration, crude oil production, transportation, refining, petrochemical, energy and distribution chain. creating a similar structure in Turkey, TPAO, BOTAS, Tupras, Petkim, Petrol Ofisi, Aygaz and Ipragaz institutions have started their activities. TPAO is the institution that provides the oil and natural gas needs of our country. TPAO also continues Petroleum and Natural Gas exploration and facility operation activities in neighboring countries. TPAO also continues its activities in land and sea areas for the determination and production of our country's existing oil potential. Tüpraş and STAR refineries are the institutions that carry out refining, ie the processing of crude oil and its transformation into petroleum products. Tüpraş has 4 refineries: İzmit, İzmir, Kırıkkale and Batman. STAR refinery is located in Izmir. The crude oil processing capacities of the refineries are 11.3 Mton in Tüpraş Izmit (million tons), Tüpraş İzmir 11.9 Mton, Tüpraş Kırıkkale 5.4 Mton, Batman 1.4 Mton, Star refinery 10 Mton. Some of the important products produced in the refinery are as follows; liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), white products (gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel) and black products (various quality fuel oil), as well as naphtha, mineral base oils, various quality asphalts and solvents.

“With the Tuz Gölü Natural Gas Underground Storage Project, the construction of which was started by BOTAŞ in Aksaray province Sultanhanı district in 2011 in order to increase the reliability of the natural gas supply in our country, the facility will have 5.4 billion Sm3 storage and 80 million Sm3 daily production capacity. In addition, the Northern Marmara-Değirmenköy Storage Facility in Istanbul's Silivri district, which currently has a storage capacity of 2.84 billion Sm3 and a daily production capacity of 25 million Sm3, has been initiated in 2017 with 4.6 billion Sm3 storage and 75 million Sm3 daily back production. capacity is aimed to be reached. "

Natural Gas and Petroleum Pipelines

Adding petroleum products to the economy are the "Transport" and "Distribution" stages of the vertically integrated process. There are important projects such as BTC (Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan), TANAP (Trans Anatolian Natural Gas Pipeline etc.) in the transportation of crude oil and natural gas.

LNG Plants

There are 2 facilities in this sector as large storage facilities; Botaş is Marmara Ereğlisi and Egegaz is Aliağa.